Anti-osteoporosis effects and underpinning mechanisms of food-derived bioactive peptides: A review

3.0 科研～小助 2025-09-01 4 4 7.35MB 16 页 1知币

侵权投诉

Trends in Food Science & Technology 147 (2024) 104431

Available online 18 March 2024

Anti-osteoporosis effects and underpinning mechanisms of food-derived

bioactive peptides: A review

Yan Zhang

, Zhaojun Zheng

, Yuanfa Liu

State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National

Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province,

Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China

ARTICLE INFO

Keywords:

Food protein

Bioactive peptides

Anti-osteoporosis

Osteoblasts

Osteoclasts

ABSTRACT

Background: Osteoporosis is a public health issue resulting in the reduced bone mass and the enhanced fracture

susceptibility. Antiresorptive and osteoanabolic drugs provide accessible options for osteoporosis treatment,

whereas both of them are accompanied by potential side effects. Hence, seeking for safe and efcient alternative

therapies is imminent. Recently, bioactive peptides derived from natural foods have emerged as a promising

candidate for preventing osteoporosis and improving bone health, owing to their excellent potential to positively

regulate bone metabolism.

Scope and approach: This review summarizes the latest advances in food-derived peptides with anti-osteoporotic

activity, focusing on their screening techniques from various dietary proteins, preventive effects in different types

of osteoporosis, and the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Key ndings and conclusions: Bioactive peptides derived from food proteins, particularly short peptides containing

≤10 amino acid residues, have shown the remarkable effects in osteoporosis treatment. Virtual screening

technology combined with bioactivity-oriented assays provides a potent strategy for the high-throughput dis-

covery for food-derived anti-osteoporotic peptides. In addition to common animal proteins, plant proteins such as

soy, wheat, and microalgae proteins are acknowledged as the attractive sources of bioactive peptides against

osteoporosis. These peptides can either directly promote bone formation and inhibit bone resorption, or indi-

rectly modulate bone remodeling by enhancing calcium absorption, improving oxidative stress, and suppressing

inammation. To realize the efcient implementation of food-derived peptides in future anti-osteoporosis

therapy, their structure-activity relationships, therapeutic targets relevance, and clinical efcacy need further

clarication.

1. Introduction

As a systemic skeletal disease, osteoporosis has become a severe

public health concern which aficts more than 200 million people

worldwide, especially those over 50 years old. What’s worse, the prev-

alence of this disease is consistently increasing with the acceleration of

population aging and the extension of life expectancy (Reginster &

Burlet, 2006). The global prevalence of osteoporosis in elderly women is

reportedly about three times larger than that in elderly men, owing to

the sharp declination of estrogen level and endocrine metabolic imbal-

ance after menopause (Salari et al., 2021). Osteoporosis is a silent

metabolic disorder featured with the declined bone mass, deteriorative

bone microstructure, and enhanced fracture susceptibility. Fractures

induced by osteoporosis lead to the high disabilities and mortality rates

in patients (Fig. 1), thereby seriously causing the diminution of the

quality of life and the increase of the economic burden. The total cost of

treating and preventing osteoporosis-related fractures is expected to

reach

€

46 billion in European Union by 2025 (Hernlund, Svedbom,

Ivergrd, Compston, & Cooper, 2013). Similarly, around $ 17.9 billion

and £ 4 billion need to be paid annually for osteoporosis management in

United States and United Kingdom, respectively (Clynes, Harvey, Curtis,

Fuggle, & Cooper, 2020). Therefore, it is of great signicance that

effective treatments are in place to reduce the risk of osteoporosis and its

complications.

* Corresponding author.

E-mail address: yiu@jiangnan.edu.cn (Y. Liu).

Authors contributed equally.

Contents lists available at ScienceDirect

Trends in Food Science & Technology

journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/tifs

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2024.104431

Received 14 November 2023; Received in revised form 27 February 2024; Accepted 10 March 2024

Trends in Food Science & Technology 147 (2024) 104431

Osteoporosis is induced by abnormal bone remodeling, i.e., the

disequilibrium between bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone for-

mation by osteoblasts. It can be inuenced by a variety of factors, such

as genetics, age, lifestyle and endocrine environment (Walker-Bone,

2012). Based on its pathogenesis, clinical drugs for osteoporosis treat-

ment are categorized into antiresorptive and osteoanabolic agents.

Bisphosphonates like alendronate sodium are commonly prescribed to

treat osteoporosis via effectively inhibiting osteoclast function and

reducing bone resorption (Khosla S, Bilezikian JP, & DW, 2012). On the

other hand, osteoanabolic agents like parathyroid hormone analogues

have positive effects in stimulating osteoblast activity and then pro-

moting bone formation, which is conducive to the integrity of bone

microarchitecture. Notably, both categories of drugs have advantages in

enhancing bone mass and lowering the incidence of fractures, but the

prolonged administration may raise the risks of diseases such as breast

cancer, osteosarcoma, and cardiovascular diseases (Tian, Ran, Zhang,

Yan, & Li, 2018). Consequently, exploring safer alternatives to prevent

osteoporosis and improve bone health is urgent.

There is growing evidence that dietary nutrients from natural foods

have great potential to positively regulate bone metabolism, providing

an opportunity for developing safe and cost-effective strategies for

osteoporosis management. Food ingredients such as minerals, vitamins,

phytoestrogens, proteins and peptides have been reported to act favor-

able roles in enhancing bone health (Guo et al., 2021). Among them,

bioactive peptides liberated from food proteins, generally composed of

2–20 amino acids, have aroused extensive interests in academia and

health care industry owing to their splendid absorptivity and biological

activities such as antioxidant, anti-inammatory, and antihypertensive

activities. More importantly, food-derived bioactive peptides have

exhibited good osteogenic effects both in vitro and in vivo, and their

anti-osteoporotic property has been gradually explored in recent years.

Herein, this review summarizes the current updates of food-derived

bioactive peptides against osteoporosis, with emphasis on their discov-

ery strategies, anti-osteoporosis effects and underlying molecular

mechanisms, aiming to provide systematic theoretical support for the

efcient implementation of food-derived peptides in osteoporosis

intervention.

2. Pathogenesis of osteoporosis

The skeleton of adult is consisted of cortical (~75%) and cancellous

bone (~25%), and their proportions vary according to the skeletal site.

The skeleton is renewed about every 10 years caused by bone remod-

eling process, which involves the replacement of old bone by new bone.

Specically, osteoclasts are recruited and then a quantum of mineralized

bone is resorbed, and this process lasts for approximately 1–3 weeks.

Subsequently, the apoptosis of osteoclasts and the recruitment of oste-

oblasts occur successively at the resorption cavity, which eventually

forms new osteoid and mineralized bone. This reversal phase is

completed within 3–6 months. Bone resorption always appears prior to

bone formation, with spatial and temporal coupling between the two

processes (Criseno, 2019). Bone remodeling results in the formation of

bone units in cortical bone and new bone trabeculae on the surface of

cancellous bone. Before adulthood, human bones are continuously

remodeled, and the amount of bone formed is greater than bone resor-

bed, contributing to a constant increase in bone mass until reaching the

peak. The remodeling balance between bone formation and resorption is

dynamically maintained in the adult skeleton. However, when this

balance is disrupted, bone quality is decreased and bone mass is lost,

furtherly leading to osteoporosis (Fig. 2). Obviously, the reduced

cortical thickness and increased cortical porosity can be observed in

cortical bone, whereas cancellous bone shows trabecular thinning and

loss of trabeculae (Zebaze, Ghasem-Zadeh, Bohte, Iuliano-Burns, &

Seeman, 2010).

Osteoporosis is generally classied into primary and secondary

osteoporosis. The former includes postmenopausal, senile, and idio-

pathic osteoporosis, which has a strong genetic susceptibility. Addi-

tionally, primary osteoporosis can also be induced under the conditions

of sex hormone deciency, cell function decline caused by aging, cal-

cium and vitamin D insufciency, muscle mass reduction, or bad living

habits. As the most crucial pathogenic factor, estrogen deciency makes

osteoclasts more active than osteoblasts, furtherly increasing overall

bone resorption and weakening bones in postmenopausal women

(Garnero, Sornay-Rendu, Chapuy, & Delmas, 2010). Postmenopausal

osteoporosis usually develops within 5–10 years after menopause.

During the process of aging, bone loss and microarchitecture disruption

Fig. 1. Global map of deaths caused by osteoporosis-related fractures in 2019 (adapted from Shen et al., 2022).

Y. Zhang et al.

文档加载中……请稍候！
如果长时间未打开，您也可以点击刷新试试。

下载文档到电脑，查找使用更方便

1 知币 4人已下载

立即下载

Anti-osteoporosis effects and underpinning mechanisms of food-derived bioactive peptides: A review.pdf

共16页,预览5页

还剩页未读，继续阅读

Anti-osteoporosis effects and underpinning mechanisms of food-derived bioactive peptides: A review

相关推荐

开通VIP享超值会员特权

作者详情

相关内容

推荐作者

热门标签

举报选择: